独乐园、范园、白园、 白马寺、安乐窝、关林庙简介（英译）

天岸岭南

独乐园

独乐园与司马光撰写的《资治通鉴》息息相关，而《资治通鉴》又是中国历史的巨著。

司马光在洛阳城外买地写书，这地就是如今的独乐园，这书就是《资治通鉴》。

北宋以后，独乐园旧址已无处可寻，但是很多古代文人墨客在这里留下了足迹。

独乐园是国内园林界公认的北宋时期园林的代表，有很多古诗描写了当时的独乐园景观。

根据考证，专家基本认同今日的洛阳伊滨区内，诸葛乡司马村的位置，是昔日独乐园坐落的地方，正在规划重建当中。

Garden Du Le Yuan

Garden Du Le Yuan is where Sima Guang composed history books “Zi Zhi Tong Jian.” The books are important in Chinese history.

Sima Guang bought land to write the books, the land is Du Le Yuan, the books are Zi Zhi Tong Jian.

Afte North Song dynasty, Du Le Yuan was not found in the old place, but a lot of famous literature authors created their works here.

Du Le Yuan is recognized as a classic North Song dynasty garden by public, many old poems described it.

According to examination, experts find that Si Ma village, Zhu Ge town, Yi Bin district is where Du Le Yuan placed.

范园

范仲淹，字希文(989-1052)，吴县(今属江苏苏州)人，北宋杰出的政治家、思想家、军事家和文学家。

他去世后被安葬在河南省伊川县彭婆乡许营村附近。“北依万安山，南抱曲河水，嵩山少林位其左，伊河之水出其右”，墓地被称为“范园”。

范仲淹《岳阳楼记》为历代咏吟。“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”是千秋名言，广为流传。

范园分前后两部分，占地80亩。

前部有山门、石坊、石翁仲、石羊、石马、范氏祠堂等。祠堂前有神道碑，欧阳修撰写的碑文，宋仁宗书“褒贤之碑”碑额；祠堂旁清代光绪皇帝提“以道自任”匾额；祠堂后有范仲淹墓、仲淹母秦国太夫人墓及长子纯佑墓。

后部在前部西北约1华里处，为范之次子纯仁、三子纯礼、四子纯粹及其后代之墓。前后形成“扯儿背孙”之势，为我国墓葬之罕见。

范园 1963年被河南列为重点文物保护单位，1994年上升为国家级文物保护单位。

Fan Yuan

Fan zhong yan (989-1052), also xi wen, was born in Wu Xian (Su Zhou, Jiang Su province) famous statesman, thinker, strategist and writer in North Song dynasty.

He was buried in Xu Ying, village Peng Po, county Yi Chuan. “North is mountain Wan An, south is river Qu He, left is mountain Song Shan temple Shao Lin Si, right is river Yi He.” The place is Fan Yuan.

His poem “Yue Yang Lou Ji” is remembered until now. Its famous poem is “xian tian xia zhi you er you, hou tian xia zhi le er le” (first to worry people’s worry, then to enjoy their enjoy)

Fan Yuan is divided into front and back parts, about 80 acres.

There are mountain gate, stone lane, stone statue, stone sheep, stone horse and ancestral hall of Fans family in front part. Before the hall is holy way tablet, its content is written by OuYang xiu, head words “Bao Xian Zhi Bei” by Song dynasty emperor Ren Zong; beside the hall is top board “Yi Dao Zi Ren” by Qing dynasty emperor Guang Xu; after the hall are graves of Fan zhong yan, his mother Mrs. Qin guo tai and his first son chun you.

Back part is about 500 meters northwest from the front, is grave yard of Fan’s second son chun ren, third son chun li, fourth son chun cui and late generations. Its position “che er bei sun” is rarely seen in China.

Fan Yuan is listed as important cultural protected unit in 1963 by He Nan province, up to national level in 1994.

白 园

白园是白居易墓地，坐落在龙门东山琵琶峰上，占地44亩。是国家重点文物保护单位。

白居易(公元772--846年)，字乐天，号香山居士。祖籍太原，出生在河南新郑城西的东郭宅村（今东郭寺），卒于洛阳履道坊，享年75岁。 官至“少傅”（ 一般以示皇上恩宠，而无实职）。 他与李白、杜甫齐名，是唐代伟大诗人。著有《白氏长庆集》七十一卷，谱写大量诗篇，反映人民疾苦，其中“长恨歌”，“琵琶行”等在国内外广为传诵。晚年居住洛阳18年。在龙门修香山寺，开八节滩，结九老社，吟诗作赋。死后葬于此。

白园分为青谷区、墓体区、诗廊区。

青谷区松竹夹道，白莲飘香，水声叮咚。听伊亭、乐天堂、松冈亭等仿唐建筑若隐若现。“听伊亭”系白居易晚年与其好友元稹、刘禹锡等对弈、饮酒、品茗、论诗之处。乐天堂内汉白玉塑像洒脱自然，静座山石之上，深思明世，古人与现实浑然一体。

墓体区位于琵琶峰顶，青砖矮墙围成圆形墓丘。拾级而上，乌头门（俗称棂星门）造型别致，古今中外仰慕者及族裔碑石林立。翠柏环抱，牡丹簇拥，草木森森。一尊24吨巨大的自然石上刻有白居易《醉吟先生传》，是中国最大的石书。

墓区北侧是诗廊区，书屋、亭台楼阁。这里集中展出当代书法家、画家书丹的白居易诗作，其中有《琵琶行》全文石刻，和白居易著作的各种版本及生平事迹。

“在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝”，“日出江花红胜火，春来江水绿如蓝”，“此时无声胜有声”。到白园，来寻觅和感受吧。

Garden Bai Yuan

Garden Bai Yuan is a grave park of Bai ju yi. It is on peak Pi Pa Feng of Long Men, about 44 mu, protected by national cultural relics bureau.

Bai ju yi (A.D. 772—846) is Le Tian or Xiang Shan Ju Shi. His parents are from Tai Yuan province and he is born in Zheng Zhou, He Nan province. At the age of 75, he is dead in Luo Yang. His official title is Shao Fu (no real position, only show imperial favor.) Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Ju Yi are same famous poets in Tang dynasty. He created poems collection “Bai Shi Chang Qing Ji.” They are 71 volumes. Most of the collection reflects the sufferings of common people. “Chang Heng Ge” and “Pi Pa Xing” are the most famous in the collection. Bai Ju Yi was living in Luo Yang for 18 years when he was old. He made temple Xiang Shan Si, beach Ba Jie Tan and body Jiu Lao She in Long Men, chanting and creating poems. After he died, he was buried here.

Bai Yuan is divided into Qing Gu area, Grave area and Poem area.

Qing Gu area is of trees and waters. It is designed according to Tang dynasty style. Bai ju yi and his friends often came here to talk and drink. There is a statue of white marble, free and easy, sitting silently on a stone, thinking deeply. He is Bai ju yi.

Grave area is on top peak Pi Pa Feng. Walking up the stairs of the peak, you can see a door and many stone tablets of Bai ju yi’s family members. Cypress, peony, grass and different plants are everywhere. A 24 ton stone with Bai Ju Yi’s poem “Zui Yin Xian Sheng Zhuan” is the largest stone book in China. It is also here.

Poem area is in north of grave area. There are different houses. Many versions of Bai ju yi’s work by different calligraphers are conserved here. Full version “Pi Pa Xing” in stone tablet and the history of Bai ju yi is in the area too.、

Zai tian yuan zuo bi yi niao, zai di yuan wei lian li zhi. (In the sky wish to be paired birds, on the land wish to be twin branches.) Ri chu jiang hua hong sheng huo, chun lai jing shui lv ru lan. (Flower in sunrise is like fire, water in spring is like orchid.)  Ci shi wu sheng sheng you sheng. (Silence is better than anything at the moment.) Please come to Bai Yuan and find the words.

白马寺

白马寺修建于东汉年间，公元六十八年。位于洛阳老城以东十二公里处，是中国著名的佛教寺院。

据说，东汉明帝刘庄夜梦金人，便派人赴西域取经以求佛法。最后，汉朝大使和印度高僧用白马驮佛经而归。汉明帝为纪念白马驮经之功而修建白马寺，也是中外交流的友谊象征。

寺院内有佛殿、鼓楼、藏经阁等建筑，还有异域风格的佛殿，最近几年新修建了印度、泰国、缅甸等国的佛殿建筑，扩大加强了白马寺与国外佛教的交流合作。

目前，白马寺是国家重点文物保护单位，很多国内外友人都来参观。

White Horse Temple

White Horse Temple was built in East Hang dynasty, AD 68. It is in east twelve kilometers of Luo Yang, famous Buddhist temple in china.

It is said that, East Hang dynasty emperor Liu Zhuang dream a gold Buddha at night, then send people to acquire Buddhist texts from east area. At last, the people and India Buddhist came to Luo Yang with the texts on a white horse. The emperor built the temple to remember the white horse, also a sign of friendship between China and other countries.

There are Buddha halls, drum towers, depositary of Buddhist texts and different countries style Buddha halls in white horse temple. The countries are India, Thailand and Burma.

Now, white horse temple is national important cultural relics protection.

安乐窝

安乐窝在洛阳桥南300米左右，是北宋著名理学家邵雍（1011-1077）故居。1963年被河南省政府定为省级重点文物保护单位。

邵雍用象数推演方法研究《周易》，解释万物。明代，他的《皇极经世》一书作为科举取士的必读材料。清代，康熙帝曾题“学达性天”。邵雍的诗作还保留在小学课本里。

德国数学家莱布尼茨（1646-1716）的二进制理论据说也曾受到邵雍的影响。

邵雍初到洛阳，曾经落魄，在洛河南岸搭一草棚，名曰“安乐窝”。远离名利，并吟诗作赋。

后来，司马光等人为邵雍筹款建房，邵雍题名“安乐窝”，表达感激之情。

安乐窝于北宋末年遗弃民间，很多资料已无从考证。但是，清代“皇极书阁”等建筑和石碑保留至今。

House An Le Wo

An Le Wo is in south Luo Yang Bridge 300 meters, house of philosopher Shao Yong (North Song dynasty 1011-1077). It was listed as important scene by He Nan province in 1963.

Shao Yong studied Zhou Yi and explained everything by deductive method. Ming dynasty, his book was necessary in examination. Qing dynasty, emperor Kang Xi praised him. Now, his poems are still in text book.

German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), his theory was even affected by Shao Yong.

Shao Yong was very poor when the first time to Luo Yang. He made a hut, named it “An Le Wo”, far away from fame and money, chanting poems.

Then, Si ma guang and other people helped him build a house. Shao Yong named the house An Le Wo to express his thanks.

An Le Wo was abandoned in the end of North Song dynasty, many documents were not confirmed. However, some Qing dynasty buildings and tablets are still reserved now.

                           关林庙   

关林庙位于洛阳市南洛龙区，西边是龙门大道，向南直通龙门石窟。始建于汉朝，重修于明朝万历年间，公元1592年。是埋葬三国名将关羽首级的地方，几乎每年都有重大的朝圣，台湾同胞也经常来祭奠。

关林庙也称关林，庙内有石碑、殿堂楼阁和苍松翠柏，景观精致，又不失大气。尤其是关羽墓冢前一颗柏树，像是被赋予了仙气，盘旋而上，直冲云霄。柏树上系着红丝带，人们通过这种方式来祈福。

目前，关林是国家重点文物保护单位。

Guan Lin Temple

Guan Lin Temple is in south Luo Yang Luo Long district, its east is Long Meng avenue, direct south to Long Meng Grottoes. It was first built in Hang dynasty, and then rebuilt in Ming dynasty Wang Li period, AD 1592. Head of three kingdoms period general Guan Yu is buried here. A lot of people come here to remember Guan Yu nearly every year, people from Tai Wan also come to visit here.

Guan Lin Temple is also Guan Lin. Here are stone tablets, halls, buildings and cypresses, exquisite and great. Especially a cypress before Guan Yu burial mound, like with fairyism, spiral up, to sky. Red ribbons swing on the tree, by which, people express their whishes.

Now, Guan Lin is important national cultural relics protection.

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